Modelo de referencia para la detección de eventos de contaminación industrial basado en una red de sensores

Industrial pollution is significantly affecting the sustainability of the planet. A data collection process allows us to review the contamination levels, and take actions in a timely manner. Nowadays wireless sensor networks support the collection of large amounts of environmental data. If these data are properly processed, they can be used in the detection of pollution sources, and in the design of preventive -or corrective- strategies to deal with it. However, this requires to effectively manage largeamount of data obtained from heterogeneous devices, including not only data from traditional sensors or motes of wireless sensor networks, but also from sensors within Smartphones. In order to handle this heterogeneity, we design a reference model that serves as a guide to combine the technologies of storage, processing and presentation of the data. This model can then be instantiated with specific hardware and software components that meet the needs of companies or government agencies interested in dealing with environmental pollution. In this article, the proposed reference model is presented, in conjunction with a prototype that can be used to solve problems of noise pollution in an automotive company located in Bogota.La contaminación industrial es un aspecto que está afectando en forma importante la sostenibilidad del planeta. Para poder manejar la contaminación, el primer paso es detectarla tan pronto como ésta ocurra, de ahí la importancia de la recolección oportuna de datos. Actualmente la tecnología nos da un gran soporte para esta tarea porque se cuenta con redes de sensores que, al estar en el ambiente, permiten recolectar grandes cantidades de datos. Si estos datos son procesados de forma adecuada, pueden ayudar en la detección temprana de focos de contaminación. No obstante, hay que enfrentar el problema de manejar de forma efectiva una gran cantidad de datos provenientes de dispositivos heterogéneos, que incluyen tanto a los sensores tradicionales o motas de las redes inalámbricas de sensores, como a los sensores ubicados en teléfonos inteligentes. El manejo de esta heterogeneidad motivó a diseñar un modelo de referencia que sirviera de guía para realizar las funciones de detección, almacenamiento, procesamiento y visualización/publicación de los datos, usando las tecnologías más adecuadas. La idea es que este modelo de referencia pueda posteriormente ser instanciado con componentes de hardware y software específicos, que respondan a las necesidades de determinadas empresas o entes gubernamentales, interesados en tomar acciones preventivas o correctivas sobre la contaminación ambiental. En este artículo se presenta el modelo de referencia propuesto y se describe un prototipo que instancia este modelo. El prototipo  desarrollado está enfocado en la medición de la contaminación auditiva en una empresa del sector automotriz en Bogotá. La información obtenida con el prototipo fue utilizada para tomar medidas preventivas para el control de focos de contaminación  auditiva por parte de la empresa.&nbsp

Comportamento de ingestão de cordeiros deslanados terminados em baias alimentadas com restolho de folha de mangueira

In the study, the ingestive behavior of hair lambs finished in pens fed with mango leaf stubble was evaluated. Twelve hair lambs were divided into two groups, G1 (6 lambs) basal diet + 20 % corn stubble and G2 (6 lambs) basal diet + 20 % ground mango dry leaf stubble. The feeding period lasted 40 days and every third day the feeding behavior was measured for 8 continuous hours: lambs feeding, drinking, seeking water, lying down, idle, ruminating, (standing or lying down), urinating, defecating, defecating standing, defecating lying down, individual grooming, grooming a partner and agonistic behaviors, as well as the consumption and rejection of water. The data were analyzed with the statistical program SAS (2021), using a general linear model and the means were compared with the Tukey test. During the experiment, G1 lambs had a higher frequency of feeding and ruminating (lying down or standing) than G2 lambs (P<0.001). In contrast, G2 lambs had a higher frequency of lying down, idleness, and agonistic behaviors than G1 lambs (P<0.001). On the other hand, G1 lambs had higher water consumption during the experiment than G2 lambs (P<0.01). It is concluded that the lambs fed with corn stubble had a higher frequency of feeding, rumination and water consumption.En el estudio se evaluó la conducta ingestiva de corderos de pelo finalizados en corral alimentados con rastrojo de hoja de mango. Doce corderos de pelo fueron divididos en dos grupos, el G1 (6 corderos) dieta basal + 20 % de rastrojo de maíz y el G2 (6 corderos) dieta basal + 20 % de rastrojo de hoja seca de mango molida. El periodo de alimentación duró 40 días y cada tercer día se midió la conducta de alimentación por 8 horas continuas: corderos alimentándose, bebiendo, buscan agua, echados, ociosos, rumiando (parados o echados), orinando, defecando (parados o echados), acicalamiento individual, acicalamiento a un compañero y conductas agonistas, así como, el consumo y rechazo de agua. Los datos fueron analizados con el programa estadístico SAS (2021), utilizando un modelo general lineal y se compararon las medias con la prueba de Tukey. Durante el experimento los corderos del G1 tuvieron mayor frecuencia alimentándose y rumiando (echados o parados) que los corderos del G2 (P<0.001). En cambio, los corderos del G2 tuvieron mayor frecuencia echados, ociosos y conductas agonistas que los corderos del G1 (P<0.001). Por otro lado, los corderos del G1 tuvieron mayor consumo de agua durante el experimento que los corderos del G2 (P<0.01). Se concluye que los corderos alimentados con rastrojo de maíz tuvieron mayor frecuencia de alimentación, rumia y consumo de agua

Evolving trends in the management of acute appendicitis during COVID-19 waves. The ACIE appy II study

Background: In 2020, ACIE Appy study showed that COVID-19 pandemic heavily affected the management of patients with acute appendicitis (AA) worldwide, with an increased rate of non-operative management (NOM) strategies and a trend toward open surgery due to concern of virus transmission by laparoscopy and controversial recommendations on this issue. The aim of this study was to survey again the same group of surgeons to assess if any difference in management attitudes of AA had occurred in the later stages of the outbreak. Methods: From August 15 to September 30, 2021, an online questionnaire was sent to all 709 participants of the ACIE Appy study. The questionnaire included questions on personal protective equipment (PPE), local policies and screening for SARS-CoV-2 infection, NOM, surgical approach and disease presentations in 2021. The results were compared with the results from the previous study. Results: A total of 476 answers were collected (response rate 67.1%). Screening policies were significatively improved with most patients screened regardless of symptoms (89.5% vs. 37.4%) with PCR and antigenic test as the preferred test (74.1% vs. 26.3%). More patients tested positive before surgery and commercial systems were the preferred ones to filter smoke plumes during laparoscopy. Laparoscopic appendicectomy was the first option in the treatment of AA, with a declined use of NOM. Conclusion: Management of AA has improved in the last waves of pandemic. Increased evidence regarding SARS-COV-2 infection along with a timely healthcare systems response has been translated into tailored attitudes and a better care for patients with AA worldwide

EDUCACIÓN AMBIENTAL Y SOCIEDAD. SABERES LOCALES PARA EL DESARROLLO Y LA SUSTENTABILIDAD

Este texto contribuye al análisis científico de varias áreas del conocimiento como la filosofía social, la patología, la educación para el cuidado del medio ambiente y la sustentabilidad que inciden en diversas unidades de aprendizaje de la Licenciatura en Educación para la Salud y de la Maestría en Sociología de la SaludLas comunidades indígenas de la sierra norte de Oaxaca México, habitan un territorio extenso de biodiversidad. Sin que sea una área protegida y sustentable, la propia naturaleza de la región ofrece a sus visitantes la riqueza de la vegetación caracterizada por sus especies endémicas que componen un paisaje de suma belleza

Métodos y técnicas de monitoreo y predicción temprana en los escenarios de riesgos socionaturales

Esta obra concentra los métodos y las técnicas fundamentales para el seguimiento y monitoreo de las dinámicas de los escenarios de riesgos socionaturales (geológicos e hidrometeorológicos) y tiene como objetivo general orientar, apoyar y acompañar a los directivos y operativos de protección civil en aterrizar las acciones y políticas públicas enfocadas a la gestión del riesgo local de desastre

Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements

Gestión del conocimiento. Perspectiva multidisciplinaria. Volumen 10

El libro “Gestión del Conocimiento. Perspectiva Multidisciplinaria”, Volumen 10, de la Colección Unión Global, es resultado de investigaciones. Los capítulos del libro, son resultados de investigaciones desarrolladas por sus autores. El libro es una publicación internacional, seriada, continua, arbitrada de acceso abierto a todas las áreas del conocimiento, que cuenta con el esfuerzo de investigadores de varios países del mundo, orientada a contribuir con procesos de gestión del conocimiento científico, tecnológico y humanístico que consoliden la transformación del conocimiento en diferentes escenarios, tanto organizacionales como universitarios, para el desarrollo de habilidades cognitivas del quehacer diario. La gestión del conocimiento es un camino para consolidar una plataforma en las empresas públicas o privadas, entidades educativas, organizaciones no gubernamentales, ya sea generando políticas para todas las jerarquías o un modelo de gestión para la administración, donde es fundamental articular el conocimiento, los trabajadores, directivos, el espacio de trabajo, hacia la creación de ambientes propicios para el desarrollo integral de las instituciones

Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection

Measurement of the top quark forward-backward production asymmetry and the anomalous chromoelectric and chromomagnetic moments in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV

Abstract The parton-level top quark (t) forward-backward asymmetry and the anomalous chromoelectric (d̂ t) and chromomagnetic (μ̂ t) moments have been measured using LHC pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected in the CMS detector in a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1. The linearized variable AFB(1) is used to approximate the asymmetry. Candidate t t ¯ events decaying to a muon or electron and jets in final states with low and high Lorentz boosts are selected and reconstructed using a fit of the kinematic distributions of the decay products to those expected for t t ¯ final states. The values found for the parameters are AFB(1)=0.048−0.087+0.095(stat)−0.029+0.020(syst),μ̂t=−0.024−0.009+0.013(stat)−0.011+0.016(syst), and a limit is placed on the magnitude of | d̂ t| &lt; 0.03 at 95% confidence level. [Figure not available: see fulltext.

Measurement of t(t)over-bar normalised multi-differential cross sections in pp collisions at root s=13 TeV, and simultaneous determination of the strong coupling strength, top quark pole mass, and parton distribution functions

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